在 CentOS 7 操作系统进行 OpenVZ 7 安装

第一次在开源中国发表博文，容我自我简单介绍一下。我是来自ExtMAIl的运维人员，一直致力于ExtMail运行环境与系统热备互备方面的研究。今天带来关于OpenVZ 7 的安装博文，现使用虚拟硬件式技术的企业或个人都倾向于Vmware 或者微软的Hyper-V 使用容器式虚拟化技术的企业或个人都倾向于使用 Docker 、LXC 技术。OpenVZ 7 使用的虚拟化技术包含了 容器式与硬件式虚拟机技术，具体就是 OpenVZ 自家的容器式技术与KVM硬件式虚拟化技术，当然 Docker 也可允许在容器式虚拟机内。

  1. 安装前准备

准备好有 Intel VT 技术 的服务器

准备好最新 CentOS7 迷你版本iso 光盘，或使用 rufus 刻进usb内。

磁盘划分，/ 根分区  ext4 /boot 分区 ext4 /vz 分区 ext4 最后就是 swap

  2. 一键安装脚本，包含了Fail2ban 对 SSH 22 端口的密码暴力破解保护。

#!/bin/bash# Defined VarYUM=/usr/bin/yum
SED=/bin/sed
RPM=/bin/rpm
SYS=/usr/bin/systemctl# Add epelcat > /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo <<EOF
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/$basearchmetalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-7&arch=$basearchfailovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7

[epel-debuginfo]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Debug#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/$basearch/debugmetalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-debug-7&arch=$basearchfailovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1

[epel-source]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Source#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/SRPMSmetalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-source-7&arch=$basearchfailovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1
EOF# Add epel-testingcat > /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-testing.repo <<EOF
[epel-testing]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - Testing - $basearch#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/testing/7/$basearchmetalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=testing-epel7&arch=$basearchfailovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7

[epel-testing-debuginfo]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - Testing - $basearch - Debug#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/testing/7/$basearch/debugmetalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=testing-debug-epel7&arch=$basearchfailovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1

[epel-testing-source]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - Testing - $basearch - Source#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/testing/7/SRPMSmetalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=testing-source-epel7&arch=$basearchfailovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1
EOF# Import OpenVZ$RPM --import http://download.openvz.org/RPM-GPG-Key-OpenVZ$RPM --import https://archive.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7$YUM install https://download.openvz.org/virtuozzo/releases/7.0/x86_64/os/Packages/o/openvz-release-7.0.8-4.vz7.x86_64.rpm -y# Yum Make Cache$YUM makecache# Yum Install Base$YUM install yum-plugin-priorities telnet bind-utils vim-en* lrzsz wget iptables-services net-tools psmisc -y# Yum Update$YUM update -y 

# startup network or postalias will complain error$SED -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/sysconfig/selinux$SED -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config# Clean UP Iptablesecho '' > /etc/sysconfig/iptables# Install OpenVZ$YUM install prlctl prl-disp-service vzkernel ploop prl-disk-tool -y# Install fail2ban$YUM install fail2ban fail2ban-systemd -y# Add fail2ban sshd.localcat > /etc/fail2ban/jail.d/sshd.local << EOF
[sshd]
enabled = truefilter = sshd
action = iptables[name=sshd-ban, port=ssh, protocol=tcp]
findtime =60
bantime = 600
maxretry = 3
EOF$SYS enable fail2banecho "Now Reboot System"echo -n "."sleep 1;echo -n "."sleep 1;echo -n "."sleep 1;echo -n "."sleep 1;echo -n "."sleep 1;echo -n "."sleep 1;echo -n "."sync;sync;sync;sync;
reboot

 3. 简单而基本命令

查看虚拟机 prlctl list -a

UUID唯一标识                             状态         IP地址         类型 名称
UUID                                    STATUS       IP_ADDR         T  NAME
{4cc24118-b7a1-408a-9af8-caaf492e26c7}  running      192.168.1.164   CT 164
{bada9314-1050-4fe5-8865-4edf93c97c0f}  running      -               VM CentOS7
{c71d02d9-d0e4-42d0-bc1e-bcb3e8e97dc7}  stopped      -               VM MyVM

查看已安装的容器式模版 vzpkg list -O

查看线上可用的模版 vzpkg list --available

centos-6-x86_64                    openvz-os
centos-7-x86_64                    openvz-os
debian-7.0-x86_64                  openvz-os
debian-8.0-x86_64                  openvz-os
debian-9.0-x86_64                  openvz-os
fedora-23-x86_64                   openvz-os
sles-11-x86_64                     openvz-os
sles-12-x86_64                     openvz-os
suse-42.1-x86_64                   openvz-os
suse-42.2-x86_64                   openvz-os
suse-42.3-x86_64                   openvz-os
ubuntu-14.04-x86_64                openvz-os
ubuntu-16.04-x86_64                openvz-os
ubuntu-17.10-x86_64                openvz-os
ubuntu-18.04-x86_64                openvz-os

预安装线上模版 

         vzpkg install template centos-6-x86_64

建立线上预安装的模版 

         vzpkg create cache centos-6-x86_64

建立容器式虚拟机 

         prlctl create MyCT --vmtype ct

设定容器式虚拟机使用的系统模版 

         prlctl set MyCT --ostemplate centos-6-x86_64

设定资源

         prlctl set MyCT --cpus 8 --memsize 8G --swap 4G

设定网络

         prlctl set MyCT --iPadd 192.168.1.x

建立硬件式虚拟机 

         prlctl create MyVM --vmtype vm -d centos7

硬件式虚拟机支持的操作系统

         Windows Server 2016 、2012、2012 R2 2008 R2
         CentOS 5、6、7 x86_64
         Debian 8、9 x86_64
         Ubuntu 14-18 x86_64

挂载光盘ISO文件

         prlctl set MyVM --device-set cdrom0 --image /vz/iso/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1804.iso

设定资源

         prlctl set MyVM --cpus 8 --memsize 8G

修改默认磁盘容量（默认值为 64G）

         prl_disk_tool resize --hdd /vz/vmprivate/c71d02d9-d0e4-42d0-bc1e-bcb3e8e97dc7/harddisk.hdd --size 30G

设定VNC服务

         prlctl set MyVM --vnc-mode manual --vnc-port 5902 --vnc-passwd linseek --vnc-address 0.0.0.0 / 127.0.0.1

查看虚拟机信息

         prlctl list --info MyVM

ID: {c71d02d9-d0e4-42d0-bc1e-bcb3e8e97dc7}
EnvID: 1193083609Name: MyVM
Description: 
Type: VM
State: stopped
OS: centos7
Template: noUptime: 00:00:00 (since 2018-09-10 11:28:59)
Home: /vz/vmprivate/c71d02d9-d0e4-42d0-bc1e-bcb3e8e97dc7/Owner: root@.
GuestTools: state=not_installed
GuestTools autoupdate: onAutostart: offAutostop: shutdown
Autocompact: offBoot order: hdd0 cdrom0 net0 
EFI boot: offAllow select boot device: offExternal boot device: 
On guest crash: restart
Remote display: mode=manual port=5902 address=127.0.0.1Remote display state: stopped
Hardware:
  cpu sockets=1 cpus=8 cores=8 VT-x accl=high mode=64 ioprio=4 iolimit='0'
  memory 8192Mb
  video 32Mb 3d acceleration=off vertical sync=yes
  memory_guarantee auto
  hdd0 (+) scsi:0 image='/vz/vmprivate/c71d02d9-d0e4-42d0-bc1e-bcb3e8e97dc7/harddisk.hdd' type='expanded' 30720Mb subtype=virtio-scsi
  cdrom0 (+) scsi:1 image='/vz/iso/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1804.iso' subtype=virtio-scsi
  usb (+)
  net0 (+) dev='vme001c42cda633' network='Bridged' mac=001C42CDA633 card=virtio
SmartMount: (-)
Disabled Windows logo: onNested virtualization: offOffline management: (-)

控制命令

         prlctl stop  MyCT / MyVM

         prlctl start MyCT / MyVM

         prlctl restart MyCT / MyVM

         prlctl suspend MyCT / MyVM

         prlctl resume MyCT / MyVM

         prlctl mount MyCT / MyVM

         prlclt umount MyCT / MyVM