Linux磁盘自检可以通过自行设置自检时间间隔,自动对硬盘进行检测,第一时间监测硬盘的健康状况,提高硬盘可靠性。
不同的文件系统(xfs,reiserfs,ext4)都有自己的检测和修复工具,本文讲解ext4文件系统的磁盘自检设置方法。
1、检查指定硬盘的文件系统:
df -hT Filesystem Type Size Used AvAIl Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 xfs 32G 3.3G 29G 11% / devtmpfs devtmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev tmpfs tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs 7.8G 17M 7.8G 1% /run tmpfs tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sdb5 ext4 631G 297G 303G 50% /data tmpfs tmpfs 1.6G 0 1.6G 0% /run/user/0 或者blkid /dev/sdb5 # blkid /dev/sdb5 /dev/sdb5: UUID="5e1f3504-8808-4ebb-82be-c318fcbd6d63" TYPE="ext4"
2、查看/etc/fstab确认挂载分区
3、查看相应硬盘的文件系统的自检时间
通过下面的命令可以显示ext文件系统相关参数:
tune2fs -l /dev/sdb5 tune2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Filesystem volume name: Last mounted on: /data Filesystem UUID: 5e1f3504-8808-4ebb-82be-c318fcbd6d63 Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53 Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic) Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype needs_recovery extent flex_bg sparse_super large_file huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash Default mount options: (none) Filesystem state: clean Errors behavior: Continue Filesystem OS type: Linux Inode count: 42000384 Block count: 167975624 Reserved block count: 8398781 Free blocks: 92897263 Free inodes: 42000355 First block: 0 Block size: 4096 Fragment size: 4096 Reserved GDT blocks: 983 Blocks per group: 32768 Fragments per group: 32768 Inodes per group: 8192 Inode blocks per group: 512 Flex block group size: 16 Filesystem created: Mon Aug 7 16:04:19 2017 Last mount time: Thu Nov 30 15:02:15 2017 Last write time: Thu Nov 30 15:02:15 2017 Mount count: 12 Maximum mount count: 39 Last checked: Mon Aug 7 16:04:19 2017 Check interval: 15552000 (6 months) Next check after: Sat Feb 3 16:04:19 2018 Lifetime writes: 10 GB Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root) Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root) First inode: 11 Inode size: 256 Required extra isize: 28 Desired extra isize: 28 Journal inode: 8 Default directory hash: half_md4 Directory Hash Seed: 17716f76-ff63-402e-9ecd-00b0e400f6f0 Journal backup: inode blocks 或者 tune2fs -l /dev/sdb5 | grep 'Check interval'
4.修改Check interval自检间隔时间
Check interval指的是文件系统间隔多长时间进行一次完整性检查,您可以根据您的需要通过下面的命令手工指定:
tune2fs –i 30/dev/sdb5
其默认的单位是天,其他可用的单位有12m(12个月),7w(7周)