目录
tomcat简介
Tomcat是Apache 软件基金会（Apache Software Foundation）的Jakarta 项目中的一个核心项目，由Apache、Sun 和其他一些公司及个人共同开发而成。由于有了Sun 的参与和支持，最新的Servlet 和JSP 规范总是能在Tomcat 中得到体现，Tomcat 5支持最新的Servlet 2.4 和JSP 2.0 规范。因为Tomcat 技术先进、性能稳定，而且免费，因而深受Java 爱好者的喜爱并得到了部分软件开发商的认可，成为目前比较流行的Web 应用服务器。
Tomcat 服务器是一个免费的开放源代码的Web 应用服务器，属于轻量级应用服务器，在中小型系统和并发访问用户不是很多的场合下被普遍使用，是开发和调试JSP 程序的首选。对于一个初学者来说，可以这样认为，当在一台机器上配置好Apache 服务器，可利用它响应HTML（标准通用标记语言下的一个应用）页面的访问请求。实际上Tomcat是Apache 服务器的扩展，但运行时它是独立运行的，所以当你运行tomcat 时，它实际上作为一个与Apache 独立的进程单独运行的。
诀窍是，当配置正确时，Apache 为HTML页面服务，而Tomcat 实际上运行JSP 页面和Servlet。另外，Tomcat和IIS等Web服务器一样，具有处理HTML页面的功能，另外它还是一个Servlet和JSP容器，独立的Servlet容器是Tomcat的默认模式。不过，Tomcat处理静态HTML的能力不如Apache服务器。目前Tomcat最新版本为9.0。
tomcat就是传说中的中间件之一，tomcat本身是一个容器，专门用来运行java程序，java语言开发的网页.jsp就应该运行于tomcat中。而tomcat本身的运行也依赖于jdk环境。
安装tomcat
//安装依赖包 [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install java-11-openjdk-devel java-11-openjdk
//解压安装包 [root@localhost ~]# tar xf apache-tomcat-9.0.46.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg apache-tomcat-9.0.46 apache-tomcat-9.0.46.tar.gz scripts //移动到/usr/local/tomcat下 [root@localhost ~]# mv apache-tomcat-9.0.46 /usr/local/tomcat
//启动tomcat [root@localhost tomcat]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Using CATALINA_OPTS: Tomcat started. [root@localhost tomcat]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* LISTEN 0 1 [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005 *:* LISTEN 0 100 *:8080 *:*
[root@localhost tomcat]# vim /conf/server.xml
//把注释取消
<!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 -->
<Connector protocol="AJP/1.3"
address="::1"
port="8009"
redirectPort="8443" />
[root@localhost tomcat]# ./bin/catalina.sh stop Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Using CATALINA_OPTS: NOTE: Picked up JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS: --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED [root@localhost tomcat]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* [root@localhost tomcat]# ./bin/catalina.sh start Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Using CATALINA_OPTS: Tomcat started. [root@localhost tomcat]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* LISTEN 0 1 [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005 *:* LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:8009 [::]:* LISTEN 0 100 *:8080 *:*
配置管理界面Manager App
[root@localhost conf]# vim tomcat-users.xml //把下列两行加到这个配置文件的倒数第二行 <role rolename="manager-gui"/> <user username="tomcat" password="s3cret" roles="manager-gui"/> [root@localhost tomcat]# ls bin conf lib logs README.md RUNNING.txt webapps BUILDING.txt CONTRIBUTING.md LICENSE NOTICE RELEASE-NOTES temp work [root@localhost tomcat]# cd webapps/ [root@localhost webapps]# ls docs examples host-manager manager ROOT [root@localhost webapps]# cd manager/ [root@localhost manager]# ls css images index.jsp META-INF status.xsd WEB-INF xform.xsl [root@localhost manager]# cd META-INF/ [root@localhost META-INF]# ls context.xml [root@localhost META-INF]# vim context.xml allow="192\.168\.100\.\d+|127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" /> 在这个文件中加入要访问的ip网段。
配置Host Manager
[root@localhost conf]# ls Catalina context.xml logging.properties tomcat-users.xsd catalina.policy jaspic-providers.xml server.xml web.xml catalina.properties jaspic-providers.xsd tomcat-users.xml [root@localhost conf]# vim tomcat-users.xml <role rolename="manager-gui"/> <role rolename="admin-gui"/> //在配置文件中加入此行 <user username="zdj" password="123456" roles="manager-gui,admin-gui"/> //加入admin-gui 因为修改了配置文件，，这里需要重启 [root@localhost tomcat]# ./bin/catalina.sh stop Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Using CATALINA_OPTS: NOTE: Picked up JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS: --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED [root@localhost tomcat]# ./bin/catalina.sh start Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Using CATALINA_OPTS: Tomcat started. [root@localhost tomcat]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* LISTEN 0 1 [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005 *:* LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:8009 [::]:* LISTEN 0 100 *:8080 *:*
[root@localhost tomcat]# cd webapps/host-manager/META-INF/ [root@localhost META-INF]# ls context.xml [root@localhost META-INF]# vim context.xml allow="192\.168\.100\.\d+|127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" /> //在这个文件中加入要访问的网段
查看一下服务器状态
添加jenkins服务
[root@localhost ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg jenkins.war scripts [root@localhost ~]# cp jenkins.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ [root@localhost webapps]# ls docs examples host-manager jenkins jenkins.war manager ROOT
查看密码 [root@localhost webapps]# cat /root/.jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword f9770e45cc67460586e22f049b96e91d
配置完成。
