Java实现计算器设计

来自:网络
时间:2021-08-09
阅读:
免费资源网 - https://freexyz.cn/

本文实例为大家分享了Java实现计算器设计的具体代码,供大家参考,具体内容如下

需求分析

目的是实现一个基于Java的可以求解带括号加减乘除表达式带界面的计算器。 需要知道的Java技术:Java Swing(Java图形界面设计)、Java集合(栈)、lambda表达式、Java基础等。

设计思路

1、实现一个Java计算器界面类
2、实现一个Java计算带括号加减乘除表达式的类
3、实现主函数调用

设计实现

Java计算器项目结构:

Java实现计算器设计

Calculator类为计算器界面设计、Calculate类为计算带括号加减乘除表达式的类,Main函数为项目程序入口。

Java计算器界面设计实现代码:

package Calculator;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.CardLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.TextField;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;

public class Calculator extends JFrame{
  
 private double result=0;
 private int count=0;
 
 public Calculator() {
  this.setSize(330,399);  
  this.setTitle("计算器");  
  init();
//  this.pack();
  this.setVisible(true);
  this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);  
 }
 
 public void init() {//初始化界面
  
  this.setLayout(new BorderLayout()); //总体布局为边框式布局
  
  /*
   * 总体边框式布局north放置文本框
   */  
  JTextField textField=new JTextField();
  textField.disable();
  textField.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(this.getWidth(),50));
  this.add(textField,BorderLayout.NORTH);

  /* 
   * 总体边框式布局center放置@panel(边框式布局)
   * @panel边框式布局north放置@panelN(网格布局)
   * @panel边框式布局center放置@panelC(卡片式布局)
   * @panelC卡片来切换@panel0(标准)和@panel1(科学)两种模式
   * @panel0,@panel1均为网格布局
   */     
  JPanel panel=new JPanel();
  panel.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
  this.add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
  
  JPanel panelN=new JPanel();
  panelN.setLayout(new GridLayout(1,6));
  JButton MC=new JButton("MC");
  JButton MR=new JButton("MR");
  JButton M0=new JButton("M+");
  JButton M1=new JButton("M-");
  JButton MS=new JButton("MS");
  JButton M=new JButton("M");
  panelN.add(MC);panelN.add(MR);panelN.add(M0);
  panelN.add(M1);panelN.add(MS);panelN.add(M);
  panel.add(panelN,BorderLayout.NORTH);
  
  CardLayout cardLayout=new CardLayout();
  JPanel panelC=new JPanel();
  panelC.setLayout(cardLayout);
  
  JPanel panel0=new JPanel();
  panel0.setLayout(new GridLayout(6,4));
  JButton[] standredButton=new JButton[24];
  String str[]={"%","√","x²","1/x",
    "CE","C","×","/",
    "7","8","9","*",
    "4","5","6","-",
    "1","2","3","+",
    "±","0",".","=" 
  };
  for(int i=0;i<standredButton.length;i++) {
   standredButton[i]=new JButton(str[i]);
   String text=standredButton[i].getText();
   standredButton[i].addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
    
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
     // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     if(text.equals("CE")||text.equals("C")) {
      textField.setText("");
     }
     else if(text.equals("=")) {
      String expression=textField.getText();
      Calculate cal=new Calculate();
      textField.setText(cal.evaluateExpression(expression)+"");
     }
     else if(text.equals("%")) {
      
     }
     else if(text.equals("√")) {
      result=Double.parseDouble(textField.getText());
      result=Math.sqrt(result);
      textField.setText(result+"");
     }
     else if(text.equals("x²")) {
      result=Double.parseDouble(textField.getText());
      result*=result;
      textField.setText(result+"");
     }
     else if(text.equals("1/x")) {
      result=Double.parseDouble(textField.getText());
      result=1/result;
      textField.setText(result+"");
     }
     else if(text.equals("±")) {
      if(count==0) {
       textField.setText(textField.getText()+"-");
       count=1;
      }
      else {
       textField.setText(textField.getText()+"+");
       count=0;
      }
     }
     else if(text.equals("×")) {
      textField.setText(textField.getText().substring(0, textField.getText().length()-1));
     }
     else {
      textField.setText(textField.getText()+text);
     }
         
    }
    
   }
   
   );
   panel0.add(standredButton[i]);
  }
  panelC.add(panel0);
  
  JPanel panel1=new JPanel();
  panel1.setLayout(new GridLayout(7,5));
  JButton scienceButton[]=new JButton[35];
  String str1[]= {
  "x²","x^y","sin","cos","tan",
  "√","10^x","log","Exp","Mod",
  "↑","CE","C","×","/",
  "π","7","8","9","*",
  "n!","4","5","6","-",
  "±","1","2","3","+",
  "(",")","0",".","="    
  };
  for(int i=0;i<str1.length;i++) {
   scienceButton[i]=new JButton(str1[i]);
   //scienceButton[i].addActionListener();
   panel1.add(scienceButton[i]);
  }
  panelC.add(panel1);
   
  panel.add(panelC,BorderLayout.CENTER);
  
  /*
   * 菜单 
   */
  JMenuBar menuBar=new JMenuBar();
  this.setJMenuBar(menuBar);
  JMenu modelMenu=new JMenu("模式");
  menuBar.add(modelMenu);
  JMenuItem standred=new JMenuItem("标准");  
  standred.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
   @Override
   public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    cardLayout.first(panelC);
   }  
  });
  modelMenu.add(standred);
  JMenuItem science=new JMenuItem("科学");
  science.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
   @Override
   public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    cardLayout.last(panelC);
   }   
  });
  modelMenu.add(science);
  
 }
/*
 private class ButtonAction implements ActionListener{

  @Override
  public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
   // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     
  }  
 }
*/
}

Java计算带括号加减乘除表达式类的实现:

package Calculator;

import java.util.*;

/*
*使用此类直接调用evaluateExpression方法即可,传入需计算的表达式,返回计算结果
*/
public class Calculate {
    //这个函数的作用就是使用空格分割字符串,以便后面使用分割函数使得将字符串分割成数组
    public String insetBlanks(String s) {
        String result = "";
        for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
            if (s.charAt(i) == '(' || s.charAt(i) == ')' ||
                    s.charAt(i) == '+' || s.charAt(i) == '-'
                    || s.charAt(i) == '*' || s.charAt(i) == '/')
                result += " " + s.charAt(i) + " ";
            else
                result += s.charAt(i);
        }
        return result;
    }

    public double evaluateExpression(String expression) {
        Stack<Double> operandStack = new Stack<>();
        Stack<Character> operatorStack = new Stack<>();
        expression = insetBlanks(expression);
        String[] tokens = expression.split(" ");
        for (String token : tokens) {
            if (token.length() == 0)   //如果是空格的话就继续循环,什么也不操作
                continue;
            //如果是加减的话,因为加减的优先级最低,因此这里的只要遇到加减号,无论操作符栈中的是什么运算符都要运算
            else if (token.charAt(0) == '+' || token.charAt(0) == '-') {
                //当栈不是空的,并且栈中最上面的一个元素是加减乘除的人任意一个
                while (!operatorStack.isEmpty()&&(operatorStack.peek() == '-' || operatorStack.peek() == '+' || operatorStack.peek() == '/' || operatorStack.peek() == '*')) {
                    processAnOperator(operandStack, operatorStack);   //开始运算
                }
                operatorStack.push(token.charAt(0));   //运算完之后将当前的运算符入栈
            }
            //当前运算符是乘除的时候,因为优先级高于加减,因此要判断最上面的是否是乘除,如果是乘除就运算,否则的话直接入栈
            else if (token.charAt(0) == '*' || token.charAt(0) == '/') {
                while (!operatorStack.isEmpty()&&(operatorStack.peek() == '/' || operatorStack.peek() == '*')) {
                    processAnOperator(operandStack, operatorStack);
                }
                operatorStack.push(token.charAt(0));   //将当前操作符入栈
            }
            //如果是左括号的话直接入栈,什么也不用操作,trim()函数是用来去除空格的,由于上面的分割操作可能会令操作符带有空格
            else if (token.trim().charAt(0) == '(') {
                operatorStack.push('(');
            }
            //如果是右括号的话,清除栈中的运算符直至左括号
            else if (token.trim().charAt(0) == ')') {
                while (operatorStack.peek() != '(') {
                    processAnOperator(operandStack, operatorStack);    //开始运算
                }
                operatorStack.pop();   //这里的是运算完之后清除左括号
            }
            //这里如果是数字的话直接如数据的栈
            else {
                operandStack.push(Double.parseDouble(token));   //将数字字符串转换成数字然后压入栈中
            }
        }
        //最后当栈中不是空的时候继续运算,知道栈中为空即可
        while (!operatorStack.isEmpty()) {
            processAnOperator(operandStack, operatorStack);
        }
        return operandStack.pop();    //此时数据栈中的数据就是运算的结果
    }

    //这个函数的作用就是处理栈中的两个数据,然后将栈中的两个数据运算之后将结果存储在栈中
    public void processAnOperator(Stack<Double> operandStack, Stack<Character> operatorStack) {
        char op = operatorStack.pop();  //弹出一个操作符
        Double op1 = operandStack.pop();  //从存储数据的栈中弹出连个两个数用来和操作符op运算
        Double op2 = operandStack.pop();
        if (op == '+')  //如果操作符为+就执行加运算
            operandStack.push(op1 + op2);
        else if (op == '-')
            operandStack.push(op2 - op1);   //因为这个是栈的结构,自然是上面的数字是后面的,因此用op2-op1
        else if (op == '*')
            operandStack.push(op1 * op2);
        else if (op == '/')
            operandStack.push(op2 / op1);
    }
}

主函数:

package Calculator;

public class Main {

 public static void main(String[] args) {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  Calculator calculator=new Calculator();
 }

}

设计实现展示

Java实现计算器设计

可以随意缩小放大界面,界面部件会跟随界面大小自适应调整。

其他功能

目前实现了标准型计算,科学型计算更加复杂,实现了界面,没有计算功能,后续可能会继续开发,敬请期待。

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持。

免费资源网 - https://freexyz.cn/
返回顶部
顶部