一、@Configuration
1.1 未加@Configuration
<!--logback-test.xml,配置不打印日志--> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <configuration> <include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/base.xml" /> <logger name="org.springframework" level="OFF"/> </configuration>
1.2 加上@Configuration
1.3 Cglib动态代理
二、源码跟踪
2.1 AnnotationConfigApplicationContext
2.2 AnnotationConfigApplicationContext#AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Class<?>... annotatedClasses)
2.3 AbstractApplicationContext#refresh()
@Override public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException { // 同步,线程安全; 防止 fresh还没结束 就又进入改方法 导致容器初始化错乱 synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) { // 准备刷新 记录开始时间 设置几个标志位 验证环境属性 prepareRefresh(); // 告诉子类刷新内部bean工厂 创建BeanFactory 并且获取BeanDefinition的定义信息 /** * obtainFreshBeanFactory();方法 * 解析为一个个beanDefinition 放在我们beanDefinitionMap中管理起来 * 1. refreshBeanFactory(); 核心方法 * AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext#refreshBeanFactory() * 创建DefaultListableBeanFactory 并设置属性 * 加载BeanFactory; 根据不同的类型,调用不同的方法 * org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext#loadBeanDefinitions(org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory) */ ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory(); // 准备在这种情况下使用的bean工厂 向beanFactory中设置一些属性 。对BeanFactory 进行各种功能填充 prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory); try { // 允许在上下文 的子类中对bean工厂进行后处理 由子类去实现; 主要是自定义去使用 postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory); // 第5步 【BeanFactoryPostProcessors ;bean工厂后置处理器】调用我们的bean工厂后置处理器 (所有实现接口BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口的) // 主要是 // 会在此将class扫描成BeanDefinition 并注册bean 到一个BeanDefinitionMap中 这个过程使用到代理 //BeanFactoryPostProcessor 可以 用于容器完成初始化() // 此处可以 还没有实例化Bean之前读取Bean的信息,并作出一些修改。 // 例如修改Bean的属性,修改Bean的scope等 invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory); //https://blog.csdn.net/caihaijiang/article/details/35552859 // 【BeanPostProcessors ;bean后置处理器】 注册BeanPostProcessor // BeanPostProcessor是Bean的后置处理器, // 在Bean的初始化方法[InitializingBean 以及init-method]前,后执行。 registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory); // 为上下文初始化Message 源, 即不同语言的消息体, 国际化处理 i18n initMessageSource(); // 初始化事件传播器 //初始化应用消息广播器, 并放入"applicationEventMulticaster" bean 中 initApplicationEventMulticaster(); // 扩展的一个实现 ,留给子类来初始化其它的Bean。如springboot内嵌的tomcat在这个阶段完成 onRefresh(); // 注册监听器 // 在所有注册的bean 中查找Listener bean , 注册到消息广播报中 registerListeners(); /**第11步 对于非抽象类、非延迟初始化的单例bean, 在spring容器启动的时候调用getBean方法来实例化bean, 并进行相关初始化工作, getBean方法最终调用AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean方法 */ // 在创建BeanFactory的过程中,BeanDefinition注册到了BeanFactory中的一个ConCurretHashMap对象中 // 以BeanName为key,BeanDefinition为value ; 实例化所有剩余的(非延迟初始化)单例。 finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory); // 第12步 最后一步:发布相应的事件。 //完成刷新过程, 通知生命周期处现器lifecycleProcessor 刷新过程, 同时发出ContextRefreshEvent 通知别人 finishRefresh(); } catch (BeansException ex) { if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) { logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " + "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex); } // 第13步 销毁以创建的Bean destroyBeans(); //取消refresh操作,重置容器的同步标识 cancelRefresh(ex); // Propagate exception to caller. throw ex; } finally { resetCommonCaches(); } } }
2.4 AbstractApplicationContext#invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors
2.5 PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate#invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors
public static void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors( ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> beanFactoryPostProcessors) { Set<String> processedBeans = new HashSet<>(); // 对BeanDefinitionRegistry 类型的处理 if (beanFactory instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistry) { BeanDefinitionRegistry registry = (BeanDefinitionRegistry) beanFactory; List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> regularPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(); // 用于存放BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> registryProcessors = new ArrayList<>(); // 遍历所有的beanFactoryPostProcessors,将BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor和普通BeanFactoryPostProcessor区分开 for (BeanFactoryPostProcessor postProcessor : beanFactoryPostProcessors) { if (postProcessor instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor) { BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor registryProcessor = (BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor) postProcessor; /** 对于BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor 类型, 在BeanFactoryPostProcessor 的 基础上还有自己定义的方法,需要先调用 */ registryProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(registry); registryProcessors.add(registryProcessor); } else { // 记录常规BeanFactoryPostProcessor regularPostProcessors.add(postProcessor); } } /** 不要在这里初始化FactoryBeans: 我们需要保留所有常规bean未初始化,让bean工厂后处理器应用到它们! BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors之间的分离实现排好序,点好,等等。 获取spring配置文件中定义的所有实现BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口的bean,然后根据优先级进行排序 */ List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> currentRegistryProcessors = new ArrayList<>(); // 首先,调用实现优先排序的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors String[] postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false); for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) { // PriorityOrdered.class 优先排序 if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) { currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class)); processedBeans.add(ppName); } } sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory); registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors); invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry); currentRegistryProcessors.clear(); // 接下来,调用实现Ordered的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false); for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) { // Ordered.class if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName) && beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) { currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class)); processedBeans.add(ppName); } } sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory); registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors); invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry); currentRegistryProcessors.clear(); // Finally, invoke all other BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors until no further ones appear. boolean reiterate = true; while (reiterate) { reiterate = false; postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false); for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) { if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName)) { currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class)); processedBeans.add(ppName); reiterate = true; } } sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory); registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors); invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry); currentRegistryProcessors.clear(); } // Now, invoke the postProcessBeanFactory callback of all processors handled so far. // 调用ConfigurationClassPostProcessor#postProcessBeanFactory增强配置类 // 通过cglib生成增强类 // 设置beanDefinition的beanClass为增强类,让@Bean生成的bean是单例 invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(registryProcessors, beanFactory); invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(regularPostProcessors, beanFactory); } else { // Invoke factory processors registered with the context instance. invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactoryPostProcessors, beanFactory); } // BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class类型 // Do not initialize FactoryBeans here: We need to leave all regular beans // uninitialized to let the bean factory post-processors apply to them! String[] postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class, true, false); // 筛选出bean工程中存在的所有实现BeanFactoryPostProcessor类的类名称 // Separate between BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered, // Ordered, and the rest. List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(); List<String> orderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>(); List<String> nonOrderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>(); for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) { if (processedBeans.contains(ppName)) { // skip - already processed in first phase above // 已经存在了,不再处理 } else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) { // 为PriorityOrdered类型 priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class)); } else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) { // 为Ordered类型 orderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName); } else { // 这个就是我们当前需要关心的PostProcessors //nonOrderedPostProcessors添加的不是bean实例,而是BeanDefinition nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName); } } // First, invoke the BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered. sortPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory); invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory); // Next, invoke the BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement Ordered. List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> orderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(); for (String postProcessorName : orderedPostProcessorNames) { orderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(postProcessorName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class)); } sortPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory); invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory); // Finally, invoke all other BeanFactoryPostProcessors. List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> nonOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(); for (String postProcessorName : nonOrderedPostProcessorNames) { nonOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(postProcessorName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class)); } invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(nonOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory); // Clear cached merged bean definitions since the post-processors might have // modified the original metadata, e.g. replacing placeholders in values... beanFactory.clearMetadataCache(); }
2.6 PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate#invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors
2.7 ConfigurationClassPostProcessor#postProcessBeanFactory
2.8 ConfigurationClaassPostProcessor#enhanceConfigurationClasses
public void enhanceConfigurationClasses(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) { Map<String, AbstractBeanDefinition> configBeanDefs = new LinkedHashMap<>(); for (String beanName : beanFactory.getBeanDefinitionNames()) { BeanDefinition beanDef = beanFactory.getBeanDefinition(beanName); // 判断是否是一个全注解类 // 扫描是全注解类?full和lite的关系 if (ConfigurationClassUtils.isFullConfigurationClass(beanDef)) { if (!(beanDef instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition)) { throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException("Cannot enhance @Configuration bean definition '" + beanName + "' since it is not stored in an AbstractBeanDefinition subclass"); } else if (logger.isInfoEnabled() && beanFactory.containsSingleton(beanName)) { logger.info("Cannot enhance @Configuration bean definition '" + beanName + "' since its singleton instance has been created too early. The typical cause " + "is a non-static @Bean method with a BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor " + "return type: Consider declaring such methods as 'static'."); } // 是全注解,需要代理,添加到configBeanDefs中 configBeanDefs.put(beanName, (AbstractBeanDefinition) beanDef); } } if (configBeanDefs.isEmpty()) { // nothing to enhance -> return immediately return; } ConfigurationClassEnhancer enhancer = new ConfigurationClassEnhancer(); // 遍历这个map for (Map.Entry<String, AbstractBeanDefinition> entry : configBeanDefs.entrySet()) { AbstractBeanDefinition beanDef = entry.getValue(); // If a @Configuration class gets proxied, always proxy the target class beanDef.setAttribute(AutoProxyUtils.PRESERVE_TARGET_CLASS_ATTRIBUTE, Boolean.TRUE); try { // Set enhanced subclass of the user-specified bean class Class<?> configClass = beanDef.resolveBeanClass(this.beanClassLoader); if (configClass != null) { // 进行cglib代理,为@Configuration注解的类生成增强类 Class<?> enhancedClass = enhancer.enhance(configClass, this.beanClassLoader); if (configClass != enhancedClass) { if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace(String.format("Replacing bean definition '%s' existing class '%s' with " + "enhanced class '%s'", entry.getKey(), configClass.getName(), enhancedClass.getName())); } // 再通过beanDef.setBeanClass(enhancedClass)修改beanDefinition的BeanClass属性, // 在bean实例化阶段,会利用反射技术将beanClass属性对应的类实例化出来 // 所以最终实例化出来的@Configuration bean是一个代理类的实例 beanDef.setBeanClass(enhancedClass); } } } catch (Throwable ex) { throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot load configuration class: " + beanDef.getBeanClassName(), ex); } }
2.9 ConfigurationClassUtils#checkConfigurationClassCandidate
1.在ConfigurationClassUtils类中的checkConfigurationClassCandidate标记是Full @Configuration还是lite @Bean mode
2.通过"full".equals(configClassAttr)判断是否是全类注解是全注解
3.则将beandefinition放入map中configBeanDefs.put
4.遍历这个map
5.使用cglib技术为配置类生成一个enhancedClass
6.通过enhancer.enhance进行cglib代理,为@Configuration注解的类生成增强类
7.再通过beanDef.setBeanClass(enhancedClass)修改beanDefinition的BeanClass属性,在bean实例化阶段,会利用反射技术将beanClass属性对应的类实例化出来,所以最终实例化出来的@Configuration bean是一个代理类的实例
使用了@Configuration注解的类,属于Full @Configuration。@Configuration类允许通过调用同一类中的其他@Bean方法来定义bean之间的依赖关系,保证@Bean的对象作用域受到控制,避免多例。
@Configuration类中的@Bean地方会被CGLIB进行代理。Spring会拦截该方法的执行,在默认单例情况下,容器中只有一个Bean,所以我们多次调用user()方法,获取的都是同一个对象。
对于@Configuration注解的类中@Bean标记的方法,返回的都是一个bean,在增强的方法中,Spring会先去容器中查看一下是否有这个bean的实例了,如果有了的话,就返回已有对象,没有的话就创建一个,然后放到容器中。
2.10 ConfigurationClassEnhancer#enhance
2.11 ConfigurationClassEnhancer#newEnhancer
2.12 ConfigurationClassEnhancer#CallBacks
2.13 ConfigurationClassEnhancer#intercept
2.13.1 ConfigurationClassEnhancer#isCurrentlyInvokedFactoryMethod
2.14 ConfigurationClassEnhancer#resolveBeanReference
private Object resolveBeanReference(Method beanMethod, Object[] beanMethodArgs, ConfigurableBeanFactory beanFactory, String beanName) { // The user (i.e. not the factory) is requesting this bean through a call to // the bean method, direct or indirect. The bean may have already been marked // as 'in creation' in certain autowiring scenarios; if so, temporarily set // the in-creation status to false in order to avoid an exception. // 判断他是否正在创建 boolean alreadyInCreation = beanFactory.isCurrentlyInCreation(beanName); try { if (alreadyInCreation) { beanFactory.setCurrentlyInCreation(beanName, false); } boolean useArgs = !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(beanMethodArgs); if (useArgs && beanFactory.isSingleton(beanName)) { // Stubbed null arguments just for reference purposes, // expecting them to be autowired for regular singleton references? // A safe assumption since @Bean singleton arguments cannot be optional... for (Object arg : beanMethodArgs) { if (arg == null) { useArgs = false; break; } } } Object beanInstance = (useArgs ? beanFactory.getBean(beanName, beanMethodArgs) : beanFactory.getBean(beanName)); if (!ClassUtils.isAssignableValue(beanMethod.getReturnType(), beanInstance)) { // Detect package-protected NullBean instance through equals(null) check if (beanInstance.equals(null)) { if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug(String.format("@Bean method %s.%s called as bean reference " + "for type [%s] returned null bean; resolving to null value.", beanMethod.getDeclaringClass().getSimpleName(), beanMethod.getName(), beanMethod.getReturnType().getName())); } beanInstance = null; } else { String msg = String.format("@Bean method %s.%s called as bean reference " + "for type [%s] but overridden by non-compatible bean instance of type [%s].", beanMethod.getDeclaringClass().getSimpleName(), beanMethod.getName(), beanMethod.getReturnType().getName(), beanInstance.getClass().getName()); try { BeanDefinition beanDefinition = beanFactory.getMergedBeanDefinition(beanName); msg += " Overriding bean of same name declared in: " + beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(); } catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) { // Ignore - simply no detailed message then. } throw new IllegalStateException(msg); } } Method currentlyInvoked = SimpleInstantiationStrategy.getCurrentlyInvokedFactoryMethod(); if (currentlyInvoked != null) { String outerBeanName = BeanAnnotationHelper.determineBeanNameFor(currentlyInvoked); beanFactory.registerDependentBean(beanName, outerBeanName); } return beanInstance; } finally { if (alreadyInCreation) { beanFactory.setCurrentlyInCreation(beanName, true); } } }
三、总结
lite @Bean mode :当@Bean方法在没有使用@Configuration注解的类中声明时称之为lite @Bean mode Full @Configuration:如果@Bean方法在使用@Configuration注解的类中声明时称之为Full @ConfigurationFull @Configuration
中的@Bean
方法会被CGLIB所代理,而 lite @Bean mode
中的@Bean
方法不会被CGLIB代理
@Configuration注解作用
1.告诉spring这是一个配置类,相当于spring的xml配置文件
2.被@Configuration 注解的类,会被cglib代理进行增强
3.@Configuration类允许通过调用同一类中的其他@Bean方法来定义bean之间的依赖关系,保证@Bean的对象作用域受到控制,避免多例
@Configuration注解底层是如何实现的,通过源码咱们可以反推并总结为以下几点:
1.Spring首先会获取到所有的beanDefenition
2.ConfigurationClassUtils类中checkConfigurationClassCandidate方法判断是Full @Configuration还是lite @Bean mode
3.通过ConfigurationClassPostProcessor后置处理器遍历所有的beanDefenition
4.将标记了Full @Configuration模式的beanDefenition,会对这个类进行cglib代理,生成一个代理类,并把这个类设置到BeanDefenition的Class属性中
5.配置类会被CGLIB增强(生成代理对象),放进IoC容器内的是代理
6.对于内部类是没有限制的:可以是Full模式或者Lite模式
7.配置类内部可以通过方法调用来处理依赖,并且能够保证是同一个实例,都指向IoC内的那个单例
8.需要用这个Bean实例的时候,从这个Class属性中拿到的Class对象进行反射,最终反射出来的是代理增强后的类
9.通过@Configuration标注类的Bean,Spring会先去容器中查看是否有这个Bean实例,如果有就返回已有的对象,没有就创建一个,然后放到容器中