1.打开官网稍微学习一下，了解一下spring cloud是个什么东西，大概有哪些组件等
https://spring.io/projects/spring-cloud
https://docs.spring.io/spring-cloud-netflix/docs/current/reference/html/
2.新建项目
选择需要引入的组件，然后下载下来即可
3.更改项目结构
为了测试的方便，需将项目结构更改为多模块的项目。
步骤如下：
(1) 依次新建子模块register-center/provider/consumer，删除父模块中多余的src、target等文件夹
(2) 修改父模块的pom文件：仅保留<dependencyManagement>配置节，<dependencies>配置节全部注释掉，因为可在子模块按需添加依赖。
(3) 修改register-center的pom中的依赖配置
<dependencies>
<!-- Eureka注册中心 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
(4) 修改provider和consumer的pom中依赖配置
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
4.新建相应的测试类和配置文件
4.1 register-center模块
启动类
package com.hdwang.springcloudtest.registercenter;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class Application {
/**
* 运行点对点模式（集群模式）时，通过添加VM参数启动不同的注册中心节点实例
* 例如：-Dspring.profiles.active=peer2
*
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
yml配置
spring:
application:
#应用名
name: register-center
freemarker:
template-loader-path: classpath:/templates/
prefer-file-system-access: false
#激活的配置，可运行时添加参数进行修改 -Dspring.profiles.active=peer2
profiles:
active: peer1
# #Eureka独立模式配置，仅有一个注册中心节点
#server:
# port: 8090
#eureka:
# instance:
# hostname: localhost
# client:
# #仅仅作为注册中心，既不提供服务也不订阅服务
# registerWithEureka: false
# fetchRegistry: false
# #注册中心地址
# serviceUrl:
# defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/
# Eureka点对点模式，保证注册中心高可用，注册的实例信息会在点与点之间相互同步
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://peer1.com:8091/eureka/,http://peer2.com:8092/eureka/,http://peer3.com:8093/eureka/
---
#每个注册中心节点不同的配置
spring:
profiles: peer1
server:
port: 8091
eureka:
instance:
#在本机hosts中配置即可
hostname: peer1.com
---
spring:
profiles: peer2
server:
port: 8092
eureka:
instance:
hostname: peer2.com
---
spring:
profiles: peer3
server:
port: 8093
eureka:
instance:
hostname: peer3.com
4.2 provider模块
启动类
package com.hdwang.springcloudtest.provider;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
/**
* 运行时添加VM参数: -Dserver.port=8082可以启动多个provider实例
*
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
服务注册类
package com.hdwang.springcloudtest.provider.restservice;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* 注册的服务
*/
@RestController
public class RestService {
/**
* 日志
*/
private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RestService.class);
@RequestMapping("/sayHello")
public String sayHello(String name) {
LOG.info("sayHello was called");
return "hello, " + name;
}
}
yml配置
spring:
application:
#应用名，也是eureka的服务名
name: provider
freemarker:
template-loader-path: classpath:/templates/
prefer-file-system-access: false
server:
#运行时，添加参数-Dserver.port=8082运行新的provider实例
port: 8081
eureka:
client:
#注册中心地址
serviceUrl:
#注册中心独立模式
#defaultZone: http://localhost:8090/eureka/
#注册中心点对点模式
defaultZone: http://peer1.com:8091/eureka/,http://peer2.com:8092/eureka/,http://peer3.com:8093/eureka/
4.3 consumer配置
启动类
package com.hdwang.springcloudtest.consumer;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
服务调用测试类
package com.hdwang.springcloudtest.consumer.controller;
import com.netflix.appinfo.InstanceInfo;
import com.netflix.discovery.EurekaClient;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.util.LinkedMultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import java.util.*;
/**
* 测试
*/
@RestController
public class TestController {
/**
* 使用服务名才能负载均衡，不能使用直接使用地址
*/
private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://provider";
@Autowired
private EurekaClient discoveryClient;
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@GetMapping("/testGet")
public String testGet() {
ResponseEntity<String> res = restTemplate.getForEntity(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/sayHello?name={1}", String.class, getName());
return res.getBody();
}
@GetMapping("/testPost")
public String testPost() {
MultiValueMap<String, Object> params = new LinkedMultiValueMap<String, Object>();
params.add("name", getName());
// HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
// headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED);
HttpEntity< MultiValueMap<String, Object>> request = new HttpEntity<>(params, null);
ResponseEntity<String> res = restTemplate.postForEntity(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/sayHello", request, String.class);
return res.getBody();
}
private String getName() {
List<String> greetings = Arrays.asList("Bob", "Alice", "Jack");
Random rand = new Random();
int randomNum = rand.nextInt(greetings.size());
return greetings.get(randomNum);
}
}
RestTemplate负责均衡配置类
package com.hdwang.springcloudtest.consumer.config;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {
/**
* 构建有负载均衡功能的RestTemplate实例对象
*
* @return RestTemplate实例对象
*/
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
RestTemplate restTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
yml配置
spring:
application:
#应用名，也是Eureka的服务名
name: cosumer
server:
port: 8088
eureka:
client:
#注册中心地址
serviceUrl:
#注册中心独立模式
#defaultZone: http://localhost:8090/eureka/
#注册中心点对点模式
defaultZone: http://peer1.com:8091/eureka/,http://peer2.com:8092/eureka/,http://peer3.com:8093/eureka/
5.运行测试
5.1本机hosts配置
127.0.0.1 peer1.com
127.0.0.1 peer2.com
127.0.0.1 peer3.com
5.2 编辑运行配置
三个注册中心节点运行配置
两个服务提供者的运行配置
5.3 运行程序
(1) 启动注册中心
依次启动RegisterCenter1->RegisterCenter2->RegisterCenter3，启动成功后，可访问http://localhost:8091/ 或http://localhost:8092/ 或http://localhost:8093/ 查看是否启动成功
(2)启动服务提供者provider
依次启动Provider1->Provider2, 随便访问一个注册中心地址首页即可查看状态，如下图
(3) 启动消费者cosumer
(4) 在浏览器中进行测试
测试地址：http://localhost:8088/testPost / http://localhost:8088/testGet
(5) 在Provider1/Provider2的控制台中可以看到输出结果
2021-04-07 15:26:56.043 INFO 8796 --- [nio-8081-exec-1] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:26:58.860 INFO 8796 --- [nio-8081-exec-2] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:26:59.535 INFO 8796 --- [nio-8081-exec-3] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:26:59.925 INFO 8796 --- [nio-8081-exec-4] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:27:00.266 INFO 8796 --- [nio-8081-exec-5] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:27:00.663 INFO 8796 --- [nio-8081-exec-6] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:27:00.938 INFO 8796 --- [nio-8081-exec-7] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:26:58.602 INFO 17828 --- [nio-8082-exec-1] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:26:59.194 INFO 17828 --- [nio-8082-exec-2] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:26:59.737 INFO 17828 --- [nio-8082-exec-3] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:27:00.109 INFO 17828 --- [nio-8082-exec-4] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:27:00.414 INFO 17828 --- [nio-8082-exec-5] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:27:00.815 INFO 17828 --- [nio-8082-exec-6] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService : sayHello was called
恭喜！至此，Spring Clound 微服务集群框架您已经搭建成功！
附录
github地址：https://github.com/hdwang123/springcloudtest
参考文章：
https://www.zhihu.com/question/283286745/answer/763040709
https://www.cnblogs.com/qdhxhz/p/9357502.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/cjsblog/p/8005766.html
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44448094/article/details/88535475
