1. input:file属性
属性值有以下几个比较常用:
accept:表示可以选择的文件MIME类型,多个MIME类型用英文逗号分开,常用的MIME类型见下表。
multiple:是否可以选择多个文件,多个文件时其value值为第一个文件的虚拟路径。
1.1 accept
只能选择png和gif图片
<input id="fileId1" type="file" accept="image/png,image/gif" name="file" />
1.2 multiple
多文件上传
<input id="fileId2" type="file" multiple="multiple" name="file" />
1.3 常用MIME类型
后缀名 MIME名称 *.3gpp audio/3gpp, video/3gpp *.ac3 audio/ac3 *.asf allpication/vnd.ms-asf *.au audio/basic *.CSS text/css *.csv text/csv *.doc application/msword *.dot application/msword *.dtd application/xml-dtd *.dwg image/vnd.dwg *.dxf image/vnd.dxf *.gif image/gif *.htm text/html *.html text/html *.jp2 image/jp2 *.jpe image/jpeg *.jpeg image/jpeg *.jpg image/jpeg *.js text/JavaScript, application/javascript *.json application/json *.mp2 audio/mpeg, video/mpeg *.mp3 audio/mpeg *.mp4 audio/mp4, video/mp4 *.mpeg video/mpeg *.mpg video/mpeg *.mpp application/vnd.ms-project *.ogg application/ogg, audio/ogg *.pdf application/pdf *.png image/png *.pot application/vnd.ms-powerpoint *.pps application/vnd.ms-powerpoint *.ppt application/vnd.ms-powerpoint *.rtf application/rtf, text/rtf *.svf image/vnd.svf *.tif image/tiff *.tiff image/tiff *.txt text/plAIn *.wdb application/vnd.ms-works *.wps application/vnd.ms-works *.xhtml application/xhtml+xml *.xlc application/vnd.ms-excel *.xlm application/vnd.ms-excel *.xls application/vnd.ms-excel *.xlt application/vnd.ms-excel *.xlw application/vnd.ms-excel *.xml text/xml, application/xml *.zip aplication/zip *.xlsx application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
2. 样式美化
css input[type=file] 样式美化,input上传按钮美化
3. AJAX上传文件
在说到ajax上传文件。ajax上传的时候,需要获得input:file选择的文件(可能为多个文件),获取其文件列表为:
// input标签的files属性 document.querySelector("#fileId").files // 返回的是一个文件列表数组
获得的文件列表,然后遍历插入到表单数据当中。即:
// 获得上传文件DOM对象 var oFiles = document.querySelector("#fileId"); // 实例化一个表单数据对象 var formData = new FormData(); // 遍历图片文件列表,插入到表单数据中 for (var i = 0, file; file = oFiles[i]; i++) { // 文件名称,文件对象 formData.append(file.name, file); }
获得表单数据之后,就可以用ajax的POST上传。
// 实例化一个AJAX对象 var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest(); xhr.onload = function() { alert("上传成功!"); } xhr.open("POST", "upload.php", true); // 发送表单数据 xhr.send(formData);
上传到服务器之后,获取到文件列表为:
Array ( [jpg_jpg] => Array ( [name] => jpg.jpg [type] => image/jpeg [tmp_name] => D:xampptmpphpA595.tmp [error] => 0 [size] => 133363 ) [png_png] => Array ( [name] => png.png [type] => image/png [tmp_name] => D:xampptmpphpA5A6.tmp [error] => 0 [size] => 1214628 ) )
在服务端循环遍历这个数组就可以上传文件了。