pyspark自定义UDAF函数调用报错问题解决

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时间:2022-06-08
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问题场景:

在SparkSQL中,因为需要用到自定义的UDAF函数,所以用pyspark自定义了一个,但是遇到了一个问题,就是自定义的UDAF函数一直报

AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute '_jvm'

在此将解决过程记录下来

问题描述

在新建的py文件中,先自定义了一个UDAF函数,然后在 if __name__ == '__main__': 中调用,死活跑不起来,一遍又一遍的对源码,看起来自定义的函数也没错:过程如下:

import decimal
import os
import pandas as pd
from pyspark.sql import SparkSession
from pyspark.sql import functions as F
os.environ['SPARK_HOME'] = '/export/server/spark'
os.environ["PYSPARK_PYTHON"] = "/root/anaconda3/bin/python"
os.environ["PYSPARK_DRIVER_PYTHON"] = "/root/anaconda3/bin/python"
@F.pandas_udf('decimal(17,12)')
def udaf_lx(qx: pd.Series, lx: pd.Series) -> decimal:
    # 初始值 也一定是decimal类型
    tmp_qx = decimal.Decimal(0)
    tmp_lx = decimal.Decimal(0)
    for index in range(0, qx.size):
        if index == 0:
            tmp_qx = decimal.Decimal(qx[index])
            tmp_lx = decimal.Decimal(lx[index])
        else:
            # 计算lx: 计算后,保证数据小数位为12位,与返回类型的设置小数位保持一致
            tmp_lx = (tmp_lx * (1 - tmp_qx)).quantize(decimal.Decimal('0.000000000000'))
            tmp_qx = decimal.Decimal(qx[index])
    return tmp_lx
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 1) 创建 SparkSession 对象,此对象连接 hive
    spark = SparkSession.builder.master('local[*]') \
        .appName('insurance_main') \
        .config('spark.sql.shuffle.partitions', 4) \
        .config('spark.sql.warehouse.dir', 'hdfs://node1:8020/user/hive/warehouse') \
        .config('hive.metastore.uris', 'thrift://node1:9083') \
        .enableHiveSupport() \
        .getOrCreate()
    # 注册UDAF 支持在SQL中使用
    spark.udf.register('udaf_lx', udaf_lx)
    # 2) 编写SQL 执行
    excuteSQLFile(spark, '_04_insurance_dw_prem_std.sql')

然后跑起来就报了以下错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/root/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pyspark/sql/types.py", line 835, in _parse_datatype_string
    return from_ddl_datatype(s)
  File "/root/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pyspark/sql/types.py", line 827, in from_ddl_datatype
    sc._jvm.org.apache.spark.sql.api.python.PythonSQLUtils.parseDataType(type_str).json())
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute '_jvm'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/root/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pyspark/sql/types.py", line 839, in _parse_datatype_string
    return from_ddl_datatype("struct<%s>" % s.strip())
  File "/root/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pyspark/sql/types.py", line 827, in from_ddl_datatype
    sc._jvm.org.apache.spark.sql.api.python.PythonSQLUtils.parseDataType(type_str).json())
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute '_jvm'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/root/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pyspark/sql/types.py", line 841, in _parse_datatype_string
    raise e
  File "/root/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pyspark/sql/types.py", line 831, in _parse_datatype_string
    return from_ddl_schema(s)
  File "/root/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pyspark/sql/types.py", line 823, in from_ddl_schema
    sc._jvm.org.apache.spark.sql.types.StructType.fromDDL(type_str).json())
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute '_jvm'

我左思右想,百思不得骑姐,嗐,跑去看 types.py里面的type类型,以为我的 udaf_lx 函数的装饰器里面的 ‘decimal(17,12)’ 类型错了,但是一看,好家伙,types.py 里面的774行

_FIXED_DECIMAL = re.compile(r"decimal\(\s*(\d+)\s*,\s*(-?\d+)\s*\)")

这是能匹配上的,没道理啊!

原因分析及解决方案:

然后再往回看报错的信息的最后一行:

AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute '_jvm'

竟然是空对象没有_jvm这个属性!

一拍脑瓜子,得了,pyspark的SQL 在执行的时候,需要用到 JVM ,而运行pyspark的时候,需要先要为spark提供环境,也就说,内存中要有SparkSession对象,而python在执行的时候,是从上往下,将方法加载到内存中,在加载自定义的UDAF函数时,由于有装饰器@F.pandas_udf的存在 , F 则是pyspark.sql.functions, 此时加载自定义的UDAF到内存中,需要有SparkSession的环境提供JVM,而此时的内存中尚未有SparkSession环境!因此,将自定义的UDAF 函数挪到 if __name__ == '__main__': 创建完SparkSession的后面,如下:

import decimal
import os
import pandas as pd
from pyspark.sql import SparkSession
from pyspark.sql import functions as F
os.environ['SPARK_HOME'] = '/export/server/spark'
os.environ["PYSPARK_PYTHON"] = "/root/anaconda3/bin/python"
os.environ["PYSPARK_DRIVER_PYTHON"] = "/root/anaconda3/bin/python"
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 1) 创建 SparkSession 对象,此对象连接 hive
    spark = SparkSession.builder.master('local[*]') \
        .appName('insurance_main') \
        .config('spark.sql.shuffle.partitions', 4) \
        .config('spark.sql.warehouse.dir', 'hdfs://node1:8020/user/hive/warehouse') \
        .config('hive.metastore.uris', 'thrift://node1:9083') \
        .enableHiveSupport() \
        .getOrCreate()
    @F.pandas_udf('decimal(17,12)')
    def udaf_lx(qx: pd.Series, lx: pd.Series) -> decimal:
        # 初始值 也一定是decimal类型
        tmp_qx = decimal.Decimal(0)
        tmp_lx = decimal.Decimal(0)
        for index in range(0, qx.size):
            if index == 0:
                tmp_qx = decimal.Decimal(qx[index])
                tmp_lx = decimal.Decimal(lx[index])
            else:
                # 计算lx: 计算后,保证数据小数位为12位,与返回类型的设置小数位保持一致
                tmp_lx = (tmp_lx * (1 - tmp_qx)).quantize(decimal.Decimal('0.000000000000'))
                tmp_qx = decimal.Decimal(qx[index])
        return tmp_lx
    # 注册UDAF 支持在SQL中使用
    spark.udf.register('udaf_lx', udaf_lx)
    # 2) 编写SQL 执行
    excuteSQLFile(spark, '_04_insurance_dw_prem_std.sql')

运行结果如图:

pyspark自定义UDAF函数调用报错问题解决

至此,完美解决!更多关于pyspark自定义UDAF函数报错的资料请关注其它相关文章!

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