Oracle归档日志爆满问题的处理方法

最近客户单位的oracle数据库出了问题，经常出现无法连接,报错提示 ORA-00257: archiver error, Connect internal only, until freed.，手动清除归档日志后可以恢复访问，但是过不了几天依旧会爆满，每日生成的归档日志很大。经过详细排查发现 sysaux 表空间使用率达到 99.9%,清理该表空间后日志恢复正常！

一、先清理归档日志使得数据库能够正常连接

[root@rac1 ~]# su - grid
grid@+ASM1:/home/grid$ asmcmd lsdg
State    Type    Rebal  Sector  Block       AU  Total_MB  Free_MB  Req_mir_free_MB  Usable_file_MB  Offline_disks  Voting_files  Name
MOUNTED  EXTERN  N         512   4096  1048576    409600      127                0             127              0             N  ARCH/
MOUNTED  EXTERN  N         512   4096  1048576   1662976   997139                0          997139              0             N  DATA/
MOUNTED  NORMAL  N         512   4096  1048576     30720    29794            10240            9777              0             Y  OCRDG/

上述结果可以看到表空间仅仅剩余 127 MB 可用。需要立刻释放空间。
使用rman工具 执行 删除2天前的归档日志

delete archivelog until time "sysdate-2";

[root@rac1 ~]# su - oracle
Password: 
oracle@orcl1:/home/oracle$rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Oct 14 13:12:18 2024
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1556520972)
RMAN> delete archivelog until time "sysdate-2";  

二、排查问题

• 查看归档日志每天生成情况

发现每天都生成70~80G的日志数据，正常应该2-8G;

RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.
oracle@orcl1:/home/oracle$sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Oct 14 13:12:32 2024
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> 
SQL> SELECT TRUNC(FIRST_TIME) "TIME",SUM(BLOCK_SIZE * BLOCKS) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024 "SIZE(GB)"FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG GROUP BY TRUNC(FIRST_TIME) order by TRUNC(FIRST_T);

TIME	       SIZE(GB)
------------ ----------
03-OCT-24    75.8037338
04-OCT-24    65.9294729
05-OCT-24    65.2526731
06-OCT-24    71.6385746
07-OCT-24    212.996218
08-OCT-24    138.052895
09-OCT-24    84.8484373
10-OCT-24    262.300638
11-OCT-24    74.3476553
12-OCT-24    70.9598064

10 rows selected.

查看数据库表空间使用情况

发现 SYSAUX 表空间使用率达到 99.84%

SQL> SELECT F.TABLESPACE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME,ROUND(((D.SUMBYTES + D.EXTEND_BYTES) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024), 2) TOTAL_G,             ROUND((F.SUMBYTES + D.EXTEND_BYTES) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024, 2) FREE_G,  ROUND((D.SUMBYTES - F.SUMBYTES) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024, 2) USED_G,   ROUND((D.SUMBYTES - F.SUMBYTES) * 100 / (D.SUMBYTES + D.EXTEND_BYTES),    2) USED_PERCENT        FROM (SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME, SUM(BYTES) SUMBYTES FROM DBA_FREE_SPACE  GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) F,  (SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,      SUM(AA.BYTES) SUMBYTES,      SUM(AA.EXTEND_BYTES) EXTEND_BYTES FROM (SELECT NVL(CASE  WHEN AUTOEXTENSIBLE = 'YES' THEN      (CASE        WHEN (MAXBYTES - BYTES) >= 0 THEN         (MAXBYTES - BYTES)      END)   END,   0) EXTEND_BYTES,              TABLESPACE_NAME,              BYTES         FROM DBA_DATA_FILES) AA               GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) D       WHERE F.TABLESPACE_NAME = D.TABLESPACE_NAME       ORDER BY USED_PERCENT DESC;

TABLESPACE_NAME 		  TOTAL_G     FREE_G	 USED_G USED_PERCENT
------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------
USERS				   759.75      57.51	 702.24        92.43
SYSAUX				       62        .10	  61.90        99.84
SYSTEM				       32      31.01	    .99 	3.09
UNDOTBS2			       32      31.64	    .36 	1.12
UNDOTBS1			       32      31.94	    .06 	 .18

• 查找归sysaux空间占用大于200mb的对象并生成删除sql

查出的对象属于 sys用户 请使用此账户执行如下sql语句的 'OPSQL’字段语句完成清理工作。

SQL> select distinct 'truncate table ' || segment_name || ';' as OPSQL, s.bytes / 1024 / 1024 MB from dba_segments s where s.segment_name like 'WRH$%'    and segment_type in ('TABLE PARTITION', 'TABLE')    and s.bytes / 1024 / 1024 > 200  order by s.bytes / 1024 / 1024 desc;

OPSQL
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	MB
----------
truncate table WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY;
      12436

truncate table WRH$_EVENT_HISTOGRAM;
      1984

truncate table WRH$_LATCH_MISSES_SUMMARY;
      1763


OPSQL
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	MB
----------
truncate table WRH$_SYSSTAT;
      1600

truncate table WRH$_SEG_STAT;
      1280

truncate table WRH$_PARAMETER;
      1152


OPSQL
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	MB
----------
truncate table WRH$_SYSTEM_EVENT;
       978

truncate table WRH$_SQL_PLAN;
       864

truncate table WRH$_DLM_MISC;
       456


OPSQL
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	MB
----------
truncate table WRH$_MVPARAMETER;
       400

truncate table WRH$_SERVICE_STAT;
       312

truncate table WRH$_ROWCACHE_SUMMARY;
       280


OPSQL
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	MB
----------
truncate table WRH$_SERVICE_WAIT_CLASS;
       144

truncate table WRH$_SYSMETRIC_HISTORY;
       144

truncate table WRH$_DB_CACHE_ADVICE;
       120


OPSQL
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	MB
----------
truncate table WRH$_SQLTEXT;
       104


16 rows selected.

SQL> 

三、处理问题

挑选较大的进行清理。如下

SQL> truncate table WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY;

Table has bing truncated.

SQL> truncate table WRH$_EVENT_HISTOGRAM;

Table has bing truncated.

SQL>

四、清理后效果

清理后可能导致客户端掉线情况，重新登录客户端即可。
查看表空间使用情况 如下 SYSAUX 表空间使用率为 50% 多。

隔两天后观察归档日志生成情况如下,已经不在暴增，客户表示非常满意！

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