Windows Server2019安装MySQL5.7.25的方法

将解压文件放置C盘
配置环境变量 Patch：C:\mysql-5.7.25-winx64\bin;
安装mysql
切换到bin目录 cd C:*\bin

1.mysqld --initialize --console 打印root用户的初始密码 （失败删除data文件重新执行）

root@localhost:后面的“rI5rvf5x5G,E”就是初始密码（不含首位空格）。在没有更改密码前，需要记住这个密码，后续登录需要用到

2.安装服务bin目录下执行

mysqld --install mysql

3.启动服务（进入控制台直接运行）

net start mysql启动

4.停止服务

net stop mysql

5.更改密码（bin目录下运行）：先要启动服务

mysql -u root -p
输入root密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '新密码';

--root远程权限

grant all PRIVILEGES on test_db.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '设置的密码';

6.可以用 命令查看一下默认安装的数据库：

show databases;
use mysql;
show tables;

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>

看到默认初始化了mysql数据库，其中user表里面存储MySQL用户信息。我们可以看一下默认MySQL用户：

 select user,host,authentication_string from mysql.user;

mysql> select user,host,authentication_string from mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| user             | host      | authentication_string                     |
+------------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| mysql.infoschema | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |
| mysql.session    | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |
| mysql.sys        | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |
| root             | localhost | *27C237A977F4F44D3F551F1A673BE14DFD232961 |
+------------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

管理员root的host是localhost，代表仅限localhost登录访问。如果要允许开放其他ip登录，则需要添加新的host。如果要允许所有ip访问，可以直接修改成“%”

创建用户：

CREATE USER 'username'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'password';

示例

CREATE USER 'dog'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
CREATE USER 'pig'@'192.168.1.101_' IDENDIFIED BY '123456';
CREATE USER 'pig'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

(需要注意：mysql8.0加密方式修改了)

检查用户

select user, host, plugin, authentication_string from user\G;

授权远程数据库

授权所有权限

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'xxh'@'%'；

授权基本的查询修改权限，按需求设置

GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,CREATE,DROP,ALTER ON *.* TO 'xxh'@'%';

查看用户权限

show grants for 'xxh'@'%';

示例：

mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> CREATE USER 'xxh'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'xxh123!@#'; #创建用户(注意：mysql8.0加密方式修改了)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
mysql>

查看密码加密方式：

mysql> select user, host, plugin, authentication_string from user;
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user             | host      | plugin                | authentication_string                     |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| xxh              | %         | mysql_native_password | *70FD6FB4F675E08FF785A754755B5EBA6DA62851 |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost | mysql_native_password | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |
| mysql.session    | localhost | mysql_native_password | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |
| mysql.sys        | localhost | mysql_native_password | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |
| root             | localhost | mysql_native_password | *27C237A977F4F44D3F551F1A673BE14DFD232961 |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

另外，如果需要新增账户，或者本机以外的其他人访问MySQL则还需要设置内置账户的host，具体可以参考：MySQL创建用户与授权

登录MySQL

mysql> 键入命令mysql -uroot -p， 回车后提示你输入密码，输入12345，然后回车即可