Mysql5.5双机热备
实现方案
安装两台Mysql
安装Mysql5.5
sudo apt-get update apt-get install aptitude aptitude install mysql-server-5.5 或 sudo apt-cache search mariadb-server apt-get install -y mariadb-server-5.5
卸载
sudo apt-get remove mysql-*
dpkg -l |grep ^rc|awk '{print $2}' |sudo xargs dpkg -P
配置权限
vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf #bind-address = 127.0.0.1 mysql -u root -p grant all on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'root' with grant option; flush privileges;
配置两台Mysql主主同步
配置节点1
vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf
server-id = 1 #节点ID log_bin = mysql-bin.log #日志 binlog_format = "ROW" #日志格式 auto_increment_increment = 2 #自增ID间隔(=节点数，防止ID冲突) auto_increment_offset = 1 #自增ID起始值(节点ID) binlog_ignore_db=mysql #不同步的数据库 binlog_ignore_db=information_schema binlog_ignore_db=performance_schema
重启mysql
service mysql restart mysql -u root -p
记录节点1的binlog日志位置
show master status; mysql-bin.000001 245 mysql,information_schema,performance_schema
配置节点2
vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf
server-id = 2 log_bin = mysql-bin.log relay_log = mysql-relay-bin.log #中继日志 log_slave_updates = ON #中继日志执行后，变化计入日志 read_only = 0 binlog_format = "ROW" auto_increment_increment = 2 auto_increment_offset = 2 binlog_ignore_db=mysql binlog_ignore_db=information_schema binlog_ignore_db=performance_schema replicate_ignore_db=mysql replicate_ignore_db=information_schema replicate_ignore_db=performance_schema
配置主从
mysql -u root -p
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.21',
MASTER_USER='root',
MASTER_PASSWORD='root',
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',
MASTER_LOG_POS=245;
#开启同步
start slave
#查看同步状态 Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running需要均为Yes
show slave status;
记录节点2的binlog日志位置
show master status; mysql-bin.000001 1029 mysql,information_schema,performance_schema
配置主主（节点1）
vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf
relay_log = mysql-relay-bin.log log_slave_updates = ON read_only = 0 replicate_ignore_db=mysql replicate_ignore_db=information_schema replicate_ignore_db=performance_schema
开启同步
mysql -u root -p
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.20',
MASTER_USER='root',
MASTER_PASSWORD='root',
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',
MASTER_LOG_POS=1029;
#开启同步
start slave
#查看同步状态 Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running需要均为Yes
show slave status;
异常处理
Could not initialize master info structure, more error messages can be found in the MySQL error log
解决：reset slave
安装配置Keepalived
安装Keepalived
#依赖
sudo apt-get install -y libssl-dev
sudo apt-get install -y openssl
sudo apt-get install -y libpopt-dev
sudo apt-get install -y libnl-dev libnl-3-dev libnl-genl-3.dev
apt-get install daemon
apt-get install libc-dev
apt-get install libnfnetlink-dev
apt-get install libnl-genl-3.dev
#安装
apt-get install keepalived
#编译安装
cd /usr/local
wget https://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-2.2.2.tar.gz
tar -zxvf keepalived-2.2.2.tar.gz
mv keepalived-2.2.2 keepalived
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
sudo make && make install
#开启日志
sudo vim /etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf
*.=info;*.=notice;*.=warn;\
auth,authpriv.none;\
cron,daemon.none;\
mail,news.none -/var/log/messages
sudo service rsyslog restart
tail -f /var/log/messages
sudo mkdir /etc/sysconfig
sudo cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
sudo cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
sudo cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/
sudo mkdir /etc/keepalived
sudo cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
配置节点信息
节点1 192.168.1.21
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs {
router_id MYSQL_HA #当前节点名
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP #两台配置节点均为BACKUP
interface eth0 #绑定虚拟IP的网络接口
virtual_router_id 51 #VRRP组名，两个节点的设置必须一样，以指明各个节点属于同一VRRP组
priority 101 #节点的优先级,另一台优先级改低一点
advert_int 1 #组播信息发送间隔，两个节点设置必须一样
nopreempt #不抢占，只在优先级高的机器上设置即可，优先级低的机器不设置
authentication { #设置验证信息，两个节点必须一致
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 123456
}
virtual_ipaddress { #指定虚拟IP,两个节点设置必须一样
192.168.1.111
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.1.111 3306 { #linux虚拟服务器(LVS)配置
delay_loop 2 #每个2秒检查一次real_server状态
lb_algo wrr #LVS调度算法,rr|wrr|lc|wlc|lblc|sh|dh
lb_kind DR #LVS集群模式 ,NAT|DR|TUN
persistence_timeout 60 #会话保持时间
protocol TCP #使用的协议是TCP还是UDP
real_server 192.168.1.21 3306 {
weight 3 #权重
notify_down /usr/local/bin/mysql.sh #检测到服务down后执行的脚本
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10 #连接超时时间
nb_get_retry 3 #重连次数
delay_before_retry 3 #重连间隔时间
connect_port 3306 #健康检查端口
}
}
}
节点2 192.168.1.20
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs {
router_id MYSQL_HA #当前节点名
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP #两台配置节点均为BACKUP
interface eth0 #绑定虚拟IP的网络接口
virtual_router_id 51 #VRRP组名，两个节点的设置必须一样，以指明各个节点属于同一VRRP组
priority 100 #节点的优先级,另一台优先级改低一点
advert_int 1 #组播信息发送间隔，两个节点设置必须一样
nopreempt #不抢占，只在优先级高的机器上设置即可，优先级低的机器不设置
authentication { #设置验证信息，两个节点必须一致
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 123456
}
virtual_ipaddress { #指定虚拟IP,两个节点设置必须一样
192.168.1.111
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.1.111 3306 { #linux虚拟服务器(LVS)配置
delay_loop 2 #每个2秒检查一次real_server状态
lb_algo wrr #LVS调度算法,rr|wrr|lc|wlc|lblc|sh|dh
lb_kind DR #LVS集群模式 ,NAT|DR|TUN
persistence_timeout 60 #会话保持时间
protocol TCP #使用的协议是TCP还是UDP
real_server 192.168.1.20 3306 {
weight 3 #权重
notify_down /usr/local/bin/mysql.sh #检测到服务down后执行的脚本
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10 #连接超时时间
nb_get_retry 3 #重连次数
delay_before_retry 3 #重连间隔时间
connect_port 3306 #健康检查端口
}
}
}
编写异常处理脚本
vim /usr/local/bin/mysql.sh
#!/bin/sh killall keepalived
分配权限
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/mysql.sh
###测试
重启keepalived
service keepalived restart
查看日志
tail -f /var/log/messages
查看虚拟IP
ip addr #或ip a 或ifconfig
#主节点会有虚拟IP
eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:9e:17:53:e5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.21/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 192.168.1.111/32 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
关闭主节点的mysql服务
service mysql stop
日志信息
#主节点 Aug 10 15:00:30 i-7jaope92 Keepalived_healthcheckers[4949]: TCP connection to [192.168.1.20]:3306 failed !!! Aug 10 15:00:30 i-7jaope92 Keepalived_healthcheckers[4949]: Removing service [192.168.1.20]:3306 from VS [192.168.1.111]:3306 Aug 10 15:00:30 i-7jaope92 Keepalived_healthcheckers[4949]: Executing [/usr/local/bin/mysql.sh] for service [192.168.1.20]:3306 in VS [192.168.1.111]:3306 Aug 10 15:00:30 i-7jaope92 Keepalived_healthcheckers[4949]: Lost quorum 1-0=1 > 0 for VS [192.168.1.111]:3306 Aug 10 15:00:30 i-7jaope92 Keepalived_vrrp[4950]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) sending 0 priority Aug 10 15:00:30 i-7jaope92 kernel: [100918.976041] IPVS: __ip_vs_del_service: enter #从节点 Aug 10 15:00:31 i-6gxo6kx7 Keepalived_vrrp[718]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE Aug 10 15:00:32 i-6gxo6kx7 Keepalived_vrrp[718]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
虚拟IP从主节点漂移到从节点
ip a
eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:9e:e7:26:5c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.20/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 192.168.1.111/32 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
Mysql连接测试
mysql -h 192.168.1.111 -u root -p
